Chapter Seven – Gravity & The Big Bang
In a prior section, I tried to express the difficulty humans in Significant Moment year 2005 have in understanding distances in the universe, and of very short moments. We have no frame of reference for the really great distances of the universe, and no concept of the amount of time remaining in the universe as we know it – before the next Big Bang.
Think of the span of the universe as it is today. I think the universe will expand to over one hundred times its present size before it again collapses. Of the jewels of wisdom provided by humans, the references to dust as the final state of the individual are well beyond merit. That is what the whole universe becomes – dust.
Basically antimatter virtually disappears. As stars run out of fuel, their furnaces will diminish in power, and their fuel source will climb quickly up from hydrogen and into the remaining elements, until finally there are no more atoms. Actually, there will be lots of atoms, but not in any usable concentration inside the stars. When the fusion and fission of the stars shuts down, there will be fewer sources of antimatter, until there is no imaginary space, no antimatter, and the activist librarians of antimatter will reach their ultimate reward – dust.
The universe will grow colder as it expands, until there is not enough activity to note the concept of activity. As gravity centers grow smaller and fewer, the matter of the universe will be permitted expanding opportunity to drift and scatter. Individual solar systems will become puffs of dust clouds. Suns will become solid balls of eroding dust to feed each system’s cloud.
Finally, with all the portions of the universe dropped into real time and space, there is no light, no heat generated, no harmonics created, and actually no motivation for atoms to associate with other atoms. Specifically, the forces which maintain chemical bonds will be so weak that no two atoms can survive in the empty energy of space. They separate at absolute zero, never to bond again in this universe. Each particle is remote from all others, moving away from the source of the original Big Bang with whatever speed it was originally given and of yet has not converted into something else.
It all sounds so bleak, but cheer up! There is still something hanging around that can pull things together – gravity. Remember the thermonuclear explosion created an attempt to unify the matter around the explosion into some harmonic form? Well, the Big Bang that was the beginning instant for this universe also provided the same kind of harmonic unity. Since it was the initial condition for the universe, it remains the primary mechanical force for the entire remainder of the universe. No matter how far each particle travels and for no matter how long a duration of the universe, the fundamental harmonics of the Big Bang are maintained by every particle and for every system of particles.
As each particle traveled away from the Big Bang, it carried the harmonics. It formed with other particles to create systems, suns, planets, nebulae, and antimatter. Each time it formed these relationships, it also provided its harmonics from the Big Bang. The other particles also had their contribution, which typically matches exactly – they all have the same source of their vibrations.
At the end, every component of the universe has been removed from any imaginary time, from any temporary universes, and is reduced to fundamental particles without much interest in joining hands. Therefore, each and every particle is subject to Sir Isaac Newton, and his law of universal gravitation. The dispersion of the particles within the universe produces no dominant gravitational center, in fact, that is the primary definition of this universe in its final state – no centers of gravity exceeding the size of a fundamental particle. There exists no mass large enough to consolidate gravitational lines of force. The particles are so scattered, they cannot affect each other. The only force that remains in the universe is gravity. As time has passed since the Big Bang, the universe’s center of gravity has been losing its concentration of mass and gravity, eroded by the expanding dispersal of mass as time permits the expanding universe. It has, however, not moved very much. Our friend Newton with his shell model of gravity explains that though the gravitational center is dispersed, the entire universe is still pulling at each particle from the very same vector it has maintained from the initial blast. The dust from the other end of the universe is pulling the dust local to you, and the vector of attraction travels through the center of the universe.
The only unifying factor of the universe that remains is the fundamental frequency of the Big Bang, as it was originally conveyed to the universe. As all other types of energy and force are extinguished by time and distance, this frequency remains to become the only force left. The instant when the fundamental frequency of the Big Bang is the only remaining unifying feature, the universe comes to an end- the Significant Moment that was this universe will have reached its ending instant.
Imagine the universe, a huge space full of particles each with a universal attraction to every other particle. The net effect of gravity on a particle in the farthest reaches of the universe is the ‘sigma sum’ of its attraction by the remaining particles in the universe. There are far more particles located in the direction of the center of the universe than are pulling the particle the opposite direction, and in reviewing the real time span of this universe, the velocity of the particle as it is vectored away from the Big Bang has been continuously reduced by this net gravity from the center of the universe. No matter at what velocity the particle left the Big Bang, it must eventually be slowed to a full stop, and then begin its return to the center. Everything in the universe is headed home. Considering the distances, acceleration of the farthest particles is slight, but they start moving. This universe has expanded quite a bit when compared to today’s but it is easy to see that if there are no forces other than gravity, eventually the matter will be returned to its origins, which it does. The collapse of the universe simply takes much less time that you would expect.
The difference in concept between this model and Newton’s is that there is no official center of gravity for the universe – there is no gravity well, just particles spread across the universe. Since there is no center of gravity in any real sense, many of the classical rules of gravity do not function. All that remains is the attraction of every small particle in the universe to every other particle.
Einstein created a concept, labeled ‘Einstein’s Theory of Special Relativity’. It linked the concept of observing things at the speed of light, and how relative time between the observer and the moving object can be different. This is a complex idea, and produced many specific rules about the velocity of matter, the speed of light, and of dimensional integrity. As these farthest-most particles begin to fall toward the center, their velocity increases. Eventually their speed shall approach that of light.
Think about what is happening. The acceleration of the farthest particle would have turned inward before the average particle closer to the center. Their exposure to other forces would have diminished first, and they would have begun their plunge as others were still moving outward. In turn, the outward traveling particles would encounter a situation where there suddenly were no particles in front of them and the mass of the entire universe is behind them, slowing their dispersion until they also begin the return to center. This process continues as each particle reaches the frontier of particles, is slowed, stopped and its travel reverses to go toward the body of particles. Since the set of particles that have already begun their return have a body of nearby particles behind them, their acceleration is slightly slowed by acceleration toward the outlying particles, just as the moon pulls the oceans out from the Earth.
This model is meant to provide an average description. What happens is that, as the particles begin their movement from the farthest regions of the universe, they encourage other, nearer particles to reverse direction and join them. As this phenomenon continues, this set of particles slowly becomes a region of increased density of mass, with all the particles continuously moderating the speed of all adjacent particles. The result is a spherical region, filled with an ever-increasing population of particles moving with it. The velocity of this region is also increasing. The amount of the universe’s mass outside the spherical region virtually does not exist – outside of this region the universe is a true vacuum.
This is where Einstein’s curved universe comes into its greatest form. As the particles’ velocity approaches the speed of light, the resistance to greater speed is limited to collisions with slower particles. There comes a time in this process when the majority of particles are moving at light speed, and acceleration of gravity is pushing the particles over the threshold of light speed. In this condition, if enough matter is trying to travel faster, and insufficient matter is moving more slowly, the extremely small relative amount of slow matter cannot stop the imploding sphere of particles from exceeding the speed of light. The smaller quantity must, according to Einstein, be mechanically picked up by the much larger quantity faster-moving particles and be accelerated to faster than light velocity. Imagine a particle accelerating toward the universe’s center of gravity that has reached three quarters of light speed. Suddenly, a particle blasts by at above the speed of light. The proximity of the faster particle’s path to the slower particle permits gravity to perform work on both, dropping the faster particle below light speed and accelerating the slower to near light speed. There are classic exchanges of energy as the faster particle drops below light speed, but in this universe devoid of energy, it is absorbed by every local particle.
A third, fourth and fifth particle set streaks by both of these particles and the net effect of their gravitational connect to the two slow particles leaves all five moving faster than light. Gravitational acceleration continues for the particles, so their ability to pull slow particle along increases for all Significant Moment. The curve in Einstein’s universe relates the movement of particles to the relative speed of those around them. If all of your neighbors are traveling along the same vector and at beyond the speed of light, then you are the particle out of step. With the same power expected to slow any particle traveling faster that light speed in our Solar System, the slower particle in this future collapsing universe is motivated to move trans-light.
As the set of particles which started as the farthest from the universe’s center of gravity move closer to its center, they accelerate directly over time and inversely to the amount of particles they pass. The limits to acceleration of the initial particles are time and the amount of mass the particles directly influence during travel. Thus, as the spherical region of particles shrinks toward the center of the universe, during any Significant Moment, the mass of particles in the region and at trans-light speed grows larger in comparison to those particles in the region they encounter at slower speeds. This means, as the universe collapses, there are more and more particles traveling at trans-light velocity, and relatively fewer particles to slow them down as the slow particles get accelerated to satisfy Einstein. As the spherical region shrink, the average particle’s linear velocity on the vector toward the center of the universe increases. The closer to the center, the larger grows the group of particles and the faster the set of particles is moving.
This concept also includes those particles missed or deflected as the region continues inward. Einstein’s relativity statement shows them as accelerating two-fold in relation to the region, in order to satisfy the relativity requirement. These particles join the region and it is presumed that virtually zero mass exists in the space of the universe outside the region of particles as it collapses. As the shell of particles shrinks in diameter and grows in speed, Einstein’s mathematics suggest that it grows thinner, with the set of particles moving more uniformly. Since the only force in the universe is gravity, and the only energy in the universe maintains the fundamental frequency of the previous Big Bang, harmonics within the shell are not chaotic. This improves the efficiency of the ever-increasing particle density within the shell, integration of new particles, and set initial conditions for the next Big Bang.
This interpretation of Einstein also eliminates a maximum velocity for the particles. There are mechanical ratios between the mass of the trans-light particles and the sub-light group. Those readers who like science fiction can imagine how much space can be covered by something traveling at twelve, or twelve thousand, or twelve million times the speed of light. If you accept that the sub-light particles in that distance of space are uniformly, evenly spaced, it becomes clearer that acceleration has limits as this material is first accelerated trans-light by the total set of already trans-light particles, and must then be accelerated further to match the average of the entire set of trans-light particles. A practical limit exists for acceleration, but there is still nothing to suggest a maximum speed, except the speed of gravity. How fast is gravity? Einstein’s Theory of Special Relativity also tells us that we don’t know. For humans in Significant Moment year 2005, nothing moves faster than gravity, so we cannot say for certain how fast it travels, even if the idea of speed relates to fundamental gravity at all.
The interesting part is that for any surveyed Significant Moment, if a practical maximum speed for the front of the spherical region exists, and the maximum speed for individual particles is faster, then, for virtually all the particles in the universe, the set of particles would arrive at the center at virtually the same time. Those particles behind the region could catch up as the front of the region plowed ahead more slowly. More accurate would be to suggest the entire set of particles would arrive at the center within very small Significant Moment, and as a continuous pack.
Rather than taking billions and billions of years for the travel of the most remote particle of the universe back to its center, the trip could take only millions of years. In the final moments of collapse, the region of particles has accelerated to its maximum speed and contains virtually all of the particles in the universe in a thin, shrinking shell of mass. These particles converge at a point in space, and within a cosmically short duration moment, collide and totally collapse under their own gravity into antimatter. As the event horizon of the universe’s core of antimatter expands, since time inside the event horizon does not exist, the linear velocity of matter that reaches the event horizon has no meaning, so the matter is simply absorbed by the antimatter as the Significant Moment continues. The bombardment of this event horizon by particles traveling at what might be thousands of times light-speed, mechanically contains the event horizon, just as the balon of the Sun contains its antimatter. This Significant Moment could require fifteen years of duration to permit all of the universe’s matter to be delivered to the event horizon. It could take fifteen hundred years. In cosmic terms, both fifteen minutes and fifteen hundred years are virtually the same, and too brief to consider any differences. Within the Significant Moment year 2005, when individuals model the explosion of the Big Bang and quibble over its duration in microseconds, it is high comedy in physics.
As all matter in the universe continues to cross into antimatter, fewer particles are left to contain the event horizon, and when virtually all the mass of the universe resides inside the event horizon, there is no inward pressure provided by the arriving particles – no matter how fast they are traveling. The pressure inside the event horizon exceeds the pressure outside, with a differential pressure related to time. Within a very, very short cosmic Significant Moment, virtually all of the mass and energy of the universe is collected in one, very small volume of space. The gravity forces matter to be converted into antimatter, A new, miniature universe is created to contain all of the universe’s antimatter, which immediately loses all of its containment forces of the collapsing sphere of particles. Then, this miniature antimatter universe expands, and all of the antimatter is reconstituted as matter and energy.
If you were watching this event in imaginary time, as the good old universe reached it final instant, there would be no features: all sources of antimatter have been extinguished. This condition would continue as the particles of the real time universe begin their travel toward the center, and continue until some particles begin to move faster than light. As collisions between trans-light and sub-light particles become more common, features (sparks) would begin to appear, as antimatter is generated by the transfer of kinetic energy moving through light speed.
If the observer were at the center of the universe, as the collapse continues, the number of features would increase in size and number until their presence was continuous, finally filling the sky with ever-increasing numbers of events. As the collapse of the real universe nears completion, the amount of antimatter grows at and around the center, and the collapsing shell of mass is filled with collisions of particles moving at incredible speeds, which produces a sky completely filled with antimatter features. When the collapse is complete, there is a sphere of antimatter at the center of the universe. All other places are dark, with no features. Immediately, the sphere begins to expand without features as a smooth ball, which, over time, looses its smoothness, shreds, and atomizes as antimatter converts to matter and energy.
If you were watching the expansion in real time, you might first observe the implosion of the present physical universe’s mass. This implosion would be illuminated by the energy created by collisions between particles as the mass moves inward. When all of the mass has reached the center of the universe, the collapse is followed by a total blackout of all energy, as the core converts to antimatter and resides in imaginary time. Since you, the observer, are in real time, activities in imaginary time are not observed. First you would observe subtle signs of expansion of the universe, but no matter. As the expansion continues, bursts of energy plasma can be seen, as the localized harmonics of antimatter drop into the real universe. As real time continues, more harmonics appear as the antimatter expands and cools, until matter begins to “condense” into empty space. The expansion of the antimatter core could have utilized so much imaginary time, the new universe already is a significant percentage of its current size again when matter begins to appear. When the primary antimatter event horizon vanishes, there is nothing in the universe to stop the expansion of the antimatter into real time. The antimatter core expands in imaginary time until it reaches a diameter where the pressure drops to permit conversion to energy, then matter. The antimatter then immediately cools to permit the formation of matter, which then explodes in real space to begin the next cycle. It has specific frequencies and harmonics.
Bang.
If you have read much of this, you may conclude that I am at least somewhat intelligent, that I have some minor command of at least one portion of one subject, and that I enjoy looking at it and explaining it to others.
My experience is that God has more than proven to me that there is a place for me in this universe, and that God has a path for me. I believe that God has a path for you. I believe that persons and forces exist to try to move me from the path. Whenever they succeed for a moment, I do my best to assure that it is smaller than a Significant Moment.
Note: This completes the original selection of chapters of Millennial Physics, all appearing on the 2006 joebrownscience.net website.
Chapter Eight was added to the website in 2012.
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