Disclaimer: This is written in 2018 to express an event from the 1970’s and how it has affected my understanding of the world. Memory, subsequent experiences, and personality moderate the content of everyone’s telling of past events. My attempt here is to introduce you to an event explained to me in a college classroom. The explanation also includes additional information provided to us by the world since the event.
The moment of my “enlightenment”
It was a dark and stormy winter day (seriously) when my undergraduate ‘International Studies’ political science class, normally taught by a graduate student, was descended upon by three professors, and these three professors attended three successive classes to present the Glory Road Campaign (below) to the small class. Three class periods (which is a lot for one subject) meant the last one was rehash to assure we all got it right. All questions were answered and discussion assured the fundamentals were not missed by anyone. These professors did not ever return to the class, and there were no exam questions and no papers assigned on the presentation. I got a usual B in the course. I am confident now, we students had all been screened before the presentation, looking for CIA. I am/was a capitalist not a socialist, but had long hair, had appeased my socialist mentors, and I used my innocence to blend within the Political Science Department. The classroom presentation was about China, and I include some general history for the reader’s use.
The professors explained that at the end of the Nineteenth Century, China’s bureaucrats – Mandarins, created a future and they moved China in a new direction. In the beginning of the Twentieth Century, small groups of Chinese military officers appeared in Europe and in North America. Their destination was military armament production companies. Each group presented itself to companies, and began inquiry about purchasing weapons.
For the entire world, there was romance surrounding China; its size, population, and in this instance its military. The obvious conclusion was any Chinese army must be large, and require a lot of weapons & supplies: China could become a huge market.
Europe was a collection of independent countries, each with their own munitions companies and with their own military. The industry’s situation required thoughtful sales outside one’s home country: guns sold to your neighbor today might be used to defeat your own army next month. Each year of the new century saw increased tension and threat of war someplace in Europe.
In the United States, the Civil War was long past, and the American West was mostly settled. Sales of military munitions were steady within the Country, and external sales were a large share of production. China was on the other side of the world, so in Europe and the USA, Chinese military officers were warmly welcomed.
Each major munitions company received a visiting group. Even better, these Chinese officers were interested in performance; they did not concern themselves with manufacture and seemed disinterested in production secrets. The groups spent their time on the firing range, learning the weapons. Best of all, the groups purchased a significant lot of samples. As word spread, experience repeated as, for each company, the officers focused on the testing and maintenance of the munitions and not production. They then purchased a very large sample of many products for testing back home, and they paid in gold.
For almost a decade before World War One, Chinese officers roamed Europe and America purchasing large sample sets of the world’s weapons, ammunition, and support equipment. They learned how to maintain & repair everything.
The Great War came and went without orders from China. Though Chinese officers continued to circulate gathering improvements produced by world war, the Chinese government went quiet.
Unknown to the world, at the end of the Nineteenth Century, the Mandarins had also directed internal controls to permit the Chinese population to grow. We now know this population growth was intentionally unsustainable.
Japan must always monitor his large neighbor. 1904 saw a sad Japanese war with Russia over Korea and Manchuria, reducing Russia’s regional influence. Before World War One, words of concern circulated that China was being driven to increase its population. Distractions of world war in Europe removed focus from the orient, so when attention was restored in the early 1920’s, much was revealed.
Those purchased weapons were exhaustively evaluated until ruined. Chinese manufacturing of replacements did not amount to much beyond simple artillery and rifles. Chinese population numbers continued to rise. Beyond normalcy reported, one distinct change stood out: a road.
In the mid-1920’s, a road was detected, stretching out from central China. Skirting west and north around the Tibetan Plateau, it continued to lengthen. Not discovered until late, most roadway stretches showed little similarity to common roads: most of its length was 50 kilometers wide or more. Its nickname was “The Glory Road”. Once discovered & defined, China’s intent became plain. Chinese Mandarin plans were to conquer.
American military intelligence began to model China and coordinate world intelligence to realize a startling conclusion: China intended to grow its population to a natural tipping point, then push the surplus onto the Glory Road. Ancient “Silk Routes” would connect the Glory Road to the Middle East. The goal was to create a mob army and to force them to march away from China.
China’s purchasing agents had sent home the world’s weapons of war that would face their mob army, allowing conclusions that assured success: weapons of the day could not kill the Chinese army. Bombardment of a 50-kilometer-wide road could not halt a walking army, skirting the craters.
By the 1930’s this conclusion was reached by American intelligence as well. What the modern reader cannot grasp was how helpless the Americans felt. With Hitler & pending war in Europe, with expansionist communist power in Russia, it was clear American military power would become exhausted trying to stop the Chinese, putting America at risk. It appears the Europeans & Americans also lacked concern for the region of the Middle East about to be invaded.
America knew that a walking army could not threaten our shores, so Chinese expansionism was a study in trade, but Japan was facing being overrun. China would need more raw materials to support their huge army, and small Japan could not stop the Chinese occupation of the western Pacific, shutting off Japanese trade. As soon as China had recovered from their push toward the Mediterranean Sea, conquest of Japanese islands seemed obvious. Japan needed sources of raw materials farther out in the Pacific Ocean, and those would conflict with United States interests. Japan knew they were in trouble. The US military knew Japan was in trouble, but again, felt helpless to stop China. Clearly, China’s long-term threat to American interests in the Pacific was much greater than Japan’s threat.
The nature of Chinese aggression would be misunderstood by most readers who see history and presume they understand war. This mob army would have only two orders: do not stop walking, and kill every human in your way. Supply lines would extend thousands of kilometers and require huge effort to feed this army. By killing every opponent, the need for combat was eliminated: you intend to protect your village or family home and amass a few hundred men with ten thousand bullets for your rifles, but in the next three days, fifty thousand people will come over the hill – and they will kill everyone they encounter. By assuring this is understood, the choice to flee before the mob is the only choice. Time and energy for marching forward are not lost to combat. Panic of populations scattering before an oncoming horde further debilitate infrastructure to defend each region. Chinese attack was to be from a specific direction, pushing a continually larger mass of refugees before it, abandoning infrastructure in the ensuing chaos.
It was explained in class that there is no form of racial prejudice in the world to match the disdain Twentieth Century Chinese culture held for all other races: in the 1930’s, if you were not Chinese, it was formally believed that you should die and let a Chinese person take your place. Your status was not as minority; you had no status. Harsh experience with the British harmful manipulation of China had lasting impact, and the Chinese had learned to hate all outsiders. Ancient competitions among Asian nation-states made clear Chinese willingness to wipe out all other ethnic groups. A person was Chinese or they were nothing. Ordering the mob army to kill everyone they met was natural and expected to those marching. Killing everyone meant food and resources were not wasted. The expectation was to not even waste bullets: all captures were to be executed by sword or other implement.
The professors explained 1920’s American military intelligence resigned itself to China’s inevitable release of this army along the Glory Road, and by the 1930’s was modeling its formulation. Though this mob army was clearly no longer a secret, revelation to the world of an invincible Asian army while Europe, the Soviet, & America tooled-up for a different war, was repressed: in America, the raw data about Chinese culture was never withheld, but the specter of an expeditionary army was apparently never presented outside higher military & government circles.
American military intelligence used their energy to develop understand of how things would unfold. China would build their population toward a scheduled moment when the Mandarins would intentionally upset society with tragic food shortages, spotted equally throughout the country. Small hunger riots and expressed anger would rise until the emperor would declare the need to resolve the problems. He would begin to organize new, large army units. As the army grew, published projections would declare China would run out of food unless more food production was secured. The only place China could acquire more food production was the Southeast Asian subcontinent, which is a rich “rice bowl”, producing more rice than it consumes. At the moment before the Glory Road campaign, China would conquer Southeast Asia to supply the massive new mob army. Chinese battalions would be blooded, and a lot more rice would pour into China eliminating strife and enshrining gratitude for the new army, thus helping the Mandarins recruit and supply it as fast as possible.
This conquest was the signal that within a year or two, the Glory March would commence. American intelligence composed a detailed, comprehensive analysis of the expected campaign in Southeast Asia. The Chinese would sweep into flat areas along the east coast or west coast to minimize topographic impairment of the central highlands. They would conquer each kingdom, and as their success expanded, the following kingdoms would fall faster as the Chinese army curved around the peninsula’s coastal lowlands, enclosing it. The army would then conquer the more difficult central highland tribes, securing the region. The American model was titled, “The Domino Theory” to indicate how after the first kingdom fell, the others would sequentially fall, following like an array of dominoes. As nobody had the means to stop it, the world was resolved to wait for it as World War Two in Europe approached.
Japan however, needed to move, to take actions that gave them best hope of not being conquered by the Chinese. They realized they must expand their hold in the Pacific as much as possible, and the time to start was now. As Japanese military might grew, America expected some form of confrontation. Aircraft strikes on capital naval vessels was deemed ineffective, and so the nature of any confrontation in the Pacific was not established. The American Navy expected an island-hopping campaign to unfold prior to any direct confrontation, so fleet movements outside Indonesia & the Philippines were considered unimportant until the island campaign reached full support. The Japanese had other ideas that were more ambitious, which could in retrospect be completely understood, but the American public had no knowledge of the issues when Japan attacked Pearl Harbor to begin American involvement in World War Two. Though American military intelligence completely understood the reasoning for Japan’s attack, they were harshly bruised by command for having not anticipated the possible responses. America was plunged into war on two fronts. Japan’s expectation was that, disabling the Pacific Fleet at Pearl would combine with action in Europe to diminish American Pacific power, allowing Japan to secure as much new territory as possible. Japan was hopeful, and they were wrong.
All of common World War Two history unfolds, with a footnote that as the Japanese were driven back, their military understood each lost island meant less chance for Japan to survive their conquest by the Chinese. They were fighting for their world and to avoid the end of all things Japanese – including the possibility of complete annihilation.
In China during World War Two, everything continued according to plan. Japanese occupation of Manchuria resembled the 1904 Sino-Russian war, and delayed any start of conquest. The emperor (Mandarins) slowly built their planned army to instead, face Japan. Spies also studied the new forms of war. American bombers & escort fighters were stationed in China to attack Japan, but after half a century of China’s building of their population with no place to go, China was already committed to its Glory Road Campaign.
I have not read of any studies defining world attitude about defending the Middle East from Chinese invasion after World War Two. Would a world already on a war footing rise to face the mob army, or would a war-weary world be complacent? The key might be the sparse populations in much of this region. The mob army as it traveled along the Silk Routes would be facing thin populations and nomads. Large cities were few when compared to Southeast Asia. This discussion was rendered moot by the United States.
In 1945, an atomic bomb exploded in Japan, then another. Chinese spies in Japan rushed to observe and report the devastation. Within weeks it became clear to the Mandarins that America had a new weapon of enormous power.
In Japan, the shock of this super weapon was immediate and devastating. As more time allowed logic and understanding of this new weapon among the Japanese military, atomic bombs required immediate surrender, yet also offered the long-term salvation of Japan.
I cannot speculate about secret negotiations surrounding the actual Japanese surrender ending World War Two. After surrender, I am confident that American commanders spent significant energy assuring their Japanese counterparts that atomic bombs would be used to stop China: until surrender, Japan’s future had been slowly and completely destroyed for all time, then completely saved within a month.
Many years later, a retired Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev was asked what had been his most significant contribution to world peace. Published response was his showing Chinese Chairman Mao how effective atomic bombs actually are at stopping armies. China’s spies and embassy staff were probably given free rein to report on both Japanese bombed sites. They would try to express the mechanical damage on each city caused by one bomb. They would also explain the radiation damage inflicted upon all within direct sight of the explosion. Most significant, the spies would report on the impact of residual radiation as it continued to sicken or kill those remaining in the area. The spies would report that a region whose diameter exceeded fifteen miles – a third of the width of the Glory Road, rendered the area uninhabitable for as long as the spies had been observing the site. After many weeks of observation, their information was conclusive.
I wish the reader to see how helpless each Mandarin and Chinese commander felt as they grasped the advent of atomics. In light of this information, I wish the reader to grasp how important to world history was Truman’s choice to drop the second bomb – not to speed Japan’s surrender, but to show the Chinese and ultimately protect Japan.
Within three or four months of Japan’s surrender, China’s Mandarins were forced to admit that two or three American bomb strikes across one width of the Glory Road would close the road for months or more than half a year. Soldiers crossing that terrain would all become very sick or die within days or weeks. The radiation did not diminish as each soldier was disabled or killed: there was no way that larger numbers of soldiers could overcome the capacity of the radiation.
If warranted, repeated bombing of the same location every few weeks could easily be continued indefinitely until radiation exposure wiped out the army commanded to cross it. The Silk Routes do travel through mountains with wide paths, but once these few paths were closed, the mob army permanently had no options for forward movement. The Chinese were forced to concede their Glory Road Army would never be permitted to leave China for the Middle East or Southeast Asia. This is the very first time in the history of Chinese warfare that putting a far greater number of men into the field would not yield victory. For any Mandarin, this possibility was not reasonable, until it suddenly was their reality.
For a moment please step back and see what was lost in a small moment. Until the end of World War Two, China had been planning and executing this campaign for almost a century. The knowledge of a long history of warfare was poured over by all to assure success. All the required world knowledge was painstakingly gathered over four decades to prevent defeat in the field. Preparation and detail prevented interference from all the world’s great armies. A new road to speed the huge army out of China before it got too hungry, and a complete infrastructure were created to assure success. Flexibility to delay forming the army until after World War Two intended to take advantage of exhausted nations with few remaining bullets to halt at least the beginning of the march: no matter how much force the world decided to press against the mob army, by the time they could respond, the army would be outside China and on its own.
How far would this army have progressed? The major indication is, thirty to forty million Chinese would begin the march and support its movement, with as many as possibly sixty million. Tibet separated the Glory Road from the army of India/Pakistan, so the second-largest world population was sidelined. My professors said speculation in the 1930’s indicated the mob army possibly might make it to the Mediterranean Sea, to Palestine and Syria, to be stopped and driven back by Europe. Conservatively they would conquer until Persia (Iran) stopped them with world support. There is no doubt the territory acquired would have increased the size of China by a huge percentage.
China had no plans to retrieve a significant number in this army. The goal was to leave them out there to fend for themselves, and to protect the newly won property. Displaced foreign populations were dead or gone, and the Chinese victors were to replace them. Government would help to balance populations and provide resources, but the whole goal of this campaign was to acquire & settle new land for the Chinese nation. Those remaining in China would realize dramatic relief from population pressure, as well as all the rice from Southeast Asia to feed prosperity. Eventually, no matter how much pressure was exerted by the world, somewhere far closer to the Mediterranean Sea than today’s Chinese border, a line would be drawn to define the new China. Within a generation, one of the largest populations enjoyed in the history of China could grow, possibly by a quarter. It never happened. China suffered the loss of potential population fed by expansion resources, estimated as seventy million lives that would never happen, and in the near-future, thirty million lives were to cut short.
All of this went up in the smoke of two American bombs. Imagine the anger and the bitterness of this arrogant, shocked society as it is defeated by the new weapon of an immature Nation. It is no wonder that in 1946, China silently declared war on the United States of America.
The Chinese officials were faced with calamity. Their intentional over-population until now had been planned to sustain starvation panic to force change. Without Southeast Asian rice, there was no avoidance of a far worse starvation event. The population pressure would boil over, so the goal was to manage with the least damage. Communism was embraced after Mao looked at all the choices for the strongest central government control. We saw the rise of the Red Guard, pogroms, and all forms of suppression the government could employ to hold revolution at bay.
The numbers here indicate the projected size of the mob army. My junior high school geography book stated that in the early 1950’s one-third of the world’s population lived in the Yangtze & Yellow River Valleys of China. I remember wondering how much it had changed from the 50’s until I had read the book more than a decade later. It has been estimated that Chairman Mao outright executed over twenty million Chinese and possibly as many as forty million. Presuming even modest restraint in the execution numbers, the artificial surplus to become the mob army was thirty to fifty million strong. I speculate that at that moment after World War Two, the entire world may have had trouble accumulating & delivering thirty million bullets to fight them.
The rest of world history is pretty much what you remember. The Korean War/The Korean Conflict/The Korean “Police Action” (its official designation) was the hyperbolic outcome of China’s internal strife. They challenged the world to hold them with conventional weapons and the world responded. General Douglas MacArthur wanted to punish China for their intended assault on the world, but mostly to assure they would not again plan such a horrific future. I think he wanted to go into China and nuke them when the big army showed up. Like all others understanding events, he knew China had just declared war on us, and I think he wanted to nuke them back to the stone age in protection of the United States. He sought Congressional support and failed.
The Vietnam War/The Vietnam Conflict/The Vietnam “Police Action” (ditto) is billed as the Soviet Union building a communist paradise in Southeast Asia, but everyone knew China’s starving population was to be the beneficiary of communist victory. As a major key to understanding the US involvement, you must first grasp the schedule of things in China. North Vietnam was an exporter of rice, but South Vietnam out-produced the North by a very large margin. The Allies won the Second World War, so South Vietnam remained outside Chinese control, as did Thailand – both the largest rice producers on the peninsula. China needed South Vietnam and needed Thailand to mitigate their calamity.
The goal of the world was to deny China that rice. That denial was expensive in American casualties and money. Amazingly, The Domino Theory document of the 1930’s was resurrected, to be dusted off and revised to justify our presence in Vietnam, but without all references to the Glory Road Campaign.
What most people do not grasp was that the program to deny rice to feed China featured a defined date, after which the cost of men and materials was no longer necessary to achieve the world’s goal. The goal was to hold China in place until their self-inflicted calamity had reached its mature state. Withholding rice from the Chinese until that moment, assured that China would have to collapse its population or face many decades of poverty and turmoil: revolution.
We now know, after the fall of the Soviet Union, recovered documents revealed the Russians had determined in 1966 they had already lost the War in Vietnam. As early as 1966, the Allies knew that, in our keeping South Vietnam and Thailand from the hands of China, the world had finally defeated the Glory Road Campaign begun in the 1890’s. That moment of completion had been determined to be 1972. Once that milestone had been met to everyone’s satisfaction, President Nixon immediately order heavy bombing of the North to bring the conflict to a quick end – to bring the Russians and the North Vietnamese to the bargaining table. American troops came home.
In short, despite all the flim-flam and misinformation, the Vietnam War was fought for a very important reason – to prevent one of the most disgusting, immoral powers ever unleashed on our world from imperial expansionism through wholesale murder just to reduce their internal population. America had clear objectives going into the War, had a clear mandate to prevent China from punishing the world. The United States military blamed China for the entire World War Two in the Pacific, which would never have been as heavily fought with the Japanese were they only seeking expansion, not preventing annihilation. I think it is fair to say we won the War in Vietnam “pulling away”.
China finally conceded defeat in Vietnam when over a decade later, they adopted the one-child policy to avert long-lasting catastrophe. I was most proud of that announcement. It took eighty years to defeat China’s army, but the world did it.
Your first question might be, “This is big news, so why is it not mainstream?” As stated above, in the time leading up to World War Two, American military intelligence services correctly determined that since nothing could be done about the situation, and publication would cause damaging confusion in America, the best choice was to not mention it.
After World War Two, we had the bomb! We had the method of stopping any aggression by the Chinese in any direction. The world had just endured a long and expensive war, so announcing the threat that had already been intentionally hidden for decades, then was mediated by American technology, seemed like a bad idea. Apparently nobody in free America thought to mention it unless things got somehow worse. General MacArthur’s confrontation on Capitol Hill was a failure during Korea, and like the good soldier he was, humiliating the Army was not in his agenda: he just faded away.
In turn, Korea was a success in containing the Chinese, which permitted the Glory Road Campaign to be avoided for another period. We quietly entered the Vietnam era, and as before, trying to clearly explain the Glory Road as the purpose for Vietnam would cause confusion. This confusion became a monumentally larger concern as, in the 1960’s, it became clear that the Soviets had launched a successful misinformation program, targeting college campuses across the Nation. By the time Nixon had the opportunity to declare victory in Vietnam, the environment surrounding himself and the War was a shambles, so again, it was squelched. To this day I ponder how much influence Soviet agitators held to enhance Nixon’s problems and to channel his Administration’s response to Watergate.
From the 1970’s to now, the reasons for suppressing information surrounding the Glory Road have been less honorable. Chinese manufacturing attacks have made inroads into our capitalistic system, subjugating it: traditional capitalists buy and sell in effort to better themselves and their community, so China presented a broad spectrum of products intended to artificially undercut American manufacturing. Unscrupulous retailers chose to buy Chinese products for a larger markup with no regard for community. As with any capitalistic environment, sidestepping integrity and ethics produces increased short-term profits while undermining long-term stability. China intentionally used these unscrupulous retailers to destroy the idea of capitalism. By explaining that buying cheap goods from overseas destroyed American unions, China took advantage of retailer vanity, using them to destroy the American worker. Suddenly there were huge retailers out there demanding our government go soft on China, and so the Glory Road Campaign was further buried.
The second question you might ask is, “So, how come you know so much about this when hardly anybody around today knows about it?” The answer is a very happy coincidence of fate. I believe in God, and at times, I believe God inserts activity into the lives of humans. This might be one of those stories: for those who believe otherwise, then it is all just coincidence.
As mentioned above, in the early 1950’s & through the early 1970’s the Soviet Union embarked on a campaign to recruit the masses of America to become communists. Unfortunately for them, recruitment techniques led with rhetoric & dogma. Americans are naturally resistant to them, but the Soviets did not grasp that. The result was almost comical, were it not for the Citizens actually recruited.
In the early 1970’s when I arrived there, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania contained the headquarters of the world’s most valuable corporations: Pittsburgh was the world’s foremost corporate center of wealth and of capitalism. It was a prime American target for communist attention. Less obvious was that Pittsburgh was also a major center for organized labor: coal miners, steelworkers, automotive workers – the list goes on. The Soviets saw these organizations as opportunity to undermine capitalism so an unusually large number of communist activists were sent to the “Smokey City”.
Documents recovered from Soviet Union archives explained how, in the 1960’s, Soviet revolution machinery had refined the infiltration of American colleges. Their techniques had demonstrated success in area-wide disruptions begun on campuses. Millions of dollars were spent every year as the Soviet attempted using college campuses across our Nation to spread dissent.
1970’s Pittsburgh was home to three major colleges. Carnegie Mellon University was a beacon of capitalism and would make a fine feather in any communist’s hat, but the administration was very formal and very rigid: chances of campus success were slim, and any detection would be responded to with immediate force. Duquesne University is a Catholic college, with extreme oversight: girls would comment they felt safer on Duke’s campus than on any other in the city. That oversight would stifle skullduggery, and the priests/administrators would pounce on trouble. That left the University of Pittsburgh as the “weak sister” in town, so Soviet agents focused there.
Me? I’m a babe in the woods when arriving at Pitt. From a small quiet town and living in a sheltered family, I had no knowledge. My Dad had been educated in Philadelphia and married my Mom there – a life-long city girl. They had no interest in familiarizing me with city life, so my understanding of urban settings & rules was nil. But I had been recruited to join the university’s sports team, and 1970’s Pittsburgh was what my brain said I needed after boring farm life, so there I was… I got eaten alive by the bustle and by things I did not know.
Within my first month somebody said that the CIA presence on campus was “so thick it was nearly palpable”. The chancellor was supposedly ex-CIA and my newly arrived Athletic Sports Director was listed in the campus newspaper as an ex-CIA executive. I didn’t know why the CIA was there, and if they were equally distributed on every campus in America. To me it was all comedy, and who cares? I’m here to become a physician and to travel with the sports team to exotic places, like Boston and Los Angeles. There isn’t a political bone in my body, other than my parents belonged to the same political party (my Mom told me once that Dad belonged to that Party, so she automatically belonged too – that is how it was supposed to work). My Great Uncle Rudy on Mom’s side was ‘disappeared’ by the “Reds” in Ukraine before the First World War. My Mom hated the “Cossacks”, so in my house the Soviet was an enemy of America. I presumed that almost everyone in America felt the same way.
Move ahead three miserable years: a torn rotator cup from high school football killed sports. Biology/premed was sabotaged by what I discovered a decade later was a series of childhood traumas that had left me afraid of hospitals and doctors. Psychology lost its shine as I realized I was there for my own issues. That can be said for every psych student, but I did not give myself the space to transition my studies into something meaningful.
Political science was my best resort for graduation. The department was internationally famous and for me looked like an easy study: I was wrong. Though easy work, immediately I discovered these morons were socialists. I know now the faculty was salted with Soviet agents. Even back then I was a capitalist so every class rubbed me the wrong way, with instructors steeped in socialist rhetoric and agenda. As I went along I concluded the department head was a communist sympathizer, which to me said ‘traitor’. His administration poured dogma on rhetoric until is was all laughable (in private!).
My personality allowed a stone face as I waded the swamp, but as with all life I was paying the price every day for my deception, trying to grasp any truths among the hogwash. It also allowed a private revelation: these Soviet communists felt their dogma is supreme and would conquer the world. Since China had embraced communism as a mechanism of desperate convenience to satisfy their need for centralized control during starvation, Soviet communism is clearly superior, with Chinese communism to be sneered down upon by all. Pitt’s communists were Soviet, and were completely willing to throw Chinese communism under the bus to deify their Soviet dogma.
So, was this whole classroom enterprise by my subversive professors a “dodge”? A source of misinformation meant for us to spread into an unsuspecting world? There are some points presented above that later had filled-in gaps in the classroom presentation, where news stories and study of history have blended to verify. At the time of the class, I might have said ‘perhaps’, but this is 2018, and all of the history since that moment does not conflict with what was presented in those three class periods: logic and information declares the possible validity. It is the most elegant explanation I have found for the Vietnam War and the reasons it was executed by America in the way it unfolded – especially how it ended. Do you really believe protesters forced the end of the War? For your sake, I hope you don’t. Take heart in that The United States of America has never lost a war.
Let’s look at this another way: what if you had read this article in 1975 and it were all true? The United States Government would be shown by our enemies to have apparently decided to withhold these details and other information about Vietnam from the public, with intent to allow many Americans to believe we lost the Vietnam War. Suddenly the War in the Pacific against Japan would have been discussed as a tragedy perpetrated by American imperialists against a desperate nation, the Korea War would have been rehashed & picked apart, Vietnam would have been stripped bare. The Citizens of America would have demanded a long discussion that would have been distracting and would emotionally disturb a huge portion of the population.
Important changes were happening in America during the 1960’s & 1970’s, and were occurring so quickly, many thought everything was spinning out of control. In 1975, for as much as the U.S.A. government would have been forced to respond, Soviet communist agitators would make immediate and great strides in undermining confidence in American Democracy. It is quite possible my classmates were set-up to go out into the world and shout the alarm, but none of us did. My grades proved I had the political science department fooled. Apparently so did the other dozen in the class because this is the first you have heard of it: none of us took the bait. Apparently, if others knew this history to be true, nobody brought it to the public: that lack of revelation indicates the history may not be completely true.
There is one thing I must impress upon you; one thing you must accept and understand. A primary duty of every government in history is to assure the avoidance of public panic. I know that the 1970’s saw America at risk from internal and external destructive forces it had never before faced. Responsible and dedicated Patriots in law enforcement, intelligence, and government were working honestly, tirelessly to eliminate risk that could turn to panic. At every time there was question of risk, they chose on the side of safety. At times their efforts might not have been elegant, but neither is a riot. At times their decisions might have been heavy-handed, but so is a lynching. I know in my heart, the faculty of Pitt’s Political Science Department in 1975 contained individuals who would have reveled in riots that furthered communism. The Glory Road Campaign was not important: China’s impact on our 1975 economy was still small, and there were more pressing issues before our Nation.
So, how much is true? With humor I point out that if ANY government agency still honored the powerful American Freedom of Information Act, you would know everything by next month. Sadly, political cowardice sank that initiative.
I am obviously not the only person to know something about these subjects, and statistically, there are others who share at least some of the information I have presented. Maybe my publication will permit them to speak. My civic duty is to tell you what I know and to witness what happened in a college classroom. Can you discount my presentation, yet still say anything you learned in college is truth? My request of you is to discover the truth for yourself. Democracy is solidified by Citizens who demand truth from authority. I am not an authority, only an educated witness.
{Epilogue – Viewpoint}
I perceive one of the great ironies of my lifetime is Walmart Corporation. Sam Walton made his fortune by closely working with the American textile industry to provide a cheap, large-scale distribution network for American textiles: of all the items families went to Walmart to buy, American-made clothing, sheets, and bath towels at reasonable prices were Sam Walton’s bread and butter. As with a theme often seen in my lifetime, though the fortune provided to his heirs was in large part the outcome of this capitalistic and honorable cooperation with American industry, the children of Sam Walton succumbed to the temptation of Chinese cheap goods. They appear to have resented the unions that moderated the prices & profits of their products: these spoiled children bought instead from China. Their market share was an instrument used to destroy American manufacturing through their own vanity – apparently they were not wealthy or powerful enough. Where once Walmart shelves were stacked with American textile products, today there is little shelf space provided for our textiles & other products.
Walmart paved the way for all other retailers: Sam Walton was an icon in American retail so China pinpointed & attacked his legacy in effort to undermine resistance. As American textiles were crushed by Walmart and those that followed, China consolidated textile retailing in America. There is no question that Sam Walton’s heirs were targeted by China. When the Walton family abandoned American manufacturing, a publicized excuse was if Walmart didn’t sell out, somebody else would.
The point is, China attacked the capitalism of America to conquer America. Modern Chinese manufacturing temptations had been around since after World War Two, and until Walmart, no major retailer had sold out America – Sam’s heirs had abandoned capitalism for oligarchy, and have sacrificed a huge chunk of America to do it. They are not alone.
China expanded in electronics and plastics, then to computers and lots more. IBM was once known not only for its computer prowess but it was also the world’s finest manufacturer of related hardware: mechanisms built and sold by IBM were famous for durability and reliability. Now, IBM buys almost all its hardware and PC boards from China. China purchased IBM’s personal computer manufacturing (Lenovo) and became their exclusive source for PC’s in order to mock IBM, but that is a story for another time.
Now, we refer to China as “the world’s workshop”, to emotionally soften any purchases meant to undermine our economy, to defeat America, and that is a tragedy.
It is easy for me to see Walmart as anti-American. As a capitalist, I see Sam’s children as among the worst subversives in history: they had to know they were destroying our infrastructure and our manufacturing capacity, and they apparently have taken deep satisfaction in destroying every union they can by buying cheap foreign goods. The children of Sam Walton remove the money from American mouths to fill China’s government coffers: I see them colluding with China’s war on America. I can see no way around it. I feel they are intentionally anti-American and they are subversives continuing to destroy us solely for their vanity.
With their personal anti-American activities, I also see the Walton family influencing Congress, influencing administrations, starting decades ago when they first sold out America. I see other retailers lining up to tell Congress to go soft on China. I see retailers and foreign investors banding together to defend their sabotage of American manufacturing, telling Congress to pretend everything is fine while backing it up with money & influence. Worse, I see China pressuring these corporations to undermine Congress, to undermine the Administration, pretending it is all about retail profits, when for China it is about destroying our security and our Freedom – about war with America by using anti-capitalistic mechanisms to destroy capitalistic America from within.
So long as these creeps control the media, control the Congress, and control the Administration, you will never hear much about China’s Glory Road Campaign.
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